The United Kingdom (UK) and the United States refused to sign an international artificial intelligence (AI) declaration at a global summit in Paris. Over 60 countries, including France, China, and India, endorsed the agreement, which promotes an “open,” “inclusive,” and “ethical” approach to AI development.
The UK government cited concerns over national security and global governance as reasons for its decision. The US, under Vice President JD Vance, argued that excessive AI regulation could hinder innovation.
US Prioritizes Growth Over Regulation
Vice President Vance told world leaders that the Trump administration would not over-regulate AI. He warned that strict policies could stifle the industry’s progress.
“AI is an opportunity that the Trump administration will not squander,” Vance said. He called for “pro-growth AI policies” to remain a priority over strict safety regulations.
His stance contrasted with French President Emmanuel Macron, who defended stronger oversight. “We need these rules for AI to move forward,” Macron stated.
UK Faces Criticism Over AI Stance
The UK previously positioned itself as a leader in AI safety. Former Prime Minister Rishi Sunak hosted the world’s first AI Safety Summit in November 2023.
Andrew Dudfield, head of AI at the fact-checking group Full Fact, warned that rejecting the Paris communique undermines the UK’s credibility.
“By refusing to sign, the UK government risks undercutting its reputation as a world leader in safe, ethical AI,” Dudfield said.
However, UKAI, a trade body representing AI businesses, supported the decision.
“While AI sustainability is important, we must balance it with industry growth,” UKAI chief executive Tim Flagg stated. “The government’s refusal suggests a more pragmatic approach, maintaining strong US ties.” Â
What Does the Agreement Propose?
The declaration signed in Paris aims to make AI development transparent, safe, and trustworthy. It seeks to reduce digital divides and promote accessibility. Sustainability is also a priority, as experts warn AI’s energy consumption could soon match that of small nations.
Michael Birtwistle of the Ada Lovelace Institute questioned why the UK rejected the statement. “It’s difficult to pinpoint what exactly the government disagrees with,” he said.
The UK government acknowledged agreeing with many aspects of the agreement. However, it claimed the declaration lacked clarity on global governance and national security concerns.
UK Denies US Influence in AI Decision
Downing Street dismissed speculation that the UK followed the US lead in rejecting the agreement. A government spokesperson insisted the decision was based on national interests.
“This isn’t about the US,” the spokesperson said. “It’s about ensuring a balance between AI opportunities and security risks.” Â
The UK did sign other AI-related agreements at the summit, including commitments on sustainability and cybersecurity.
Trade Tensions Add to Diplomatic Challenges
The AI summit took place amid rising trade tensions between the US and Europe. President Trump recently imposed tariffs on steel and aluminum imports, affecting both the UK and the EU.
The UK government is treading carefully. It aims to maintain good relations with Washington while strengthening ties with the European Union.
Observers note that AI policy could become another area of disagreement between the US and Europe. The EU has pushed for stronger AI regulations, while the US and UK prefer a more flexible approach.
Future of Global AI Governance Remains Uncertain
The Paris summit highlighted deep divisions on AI regulation. While some nations push for strict oversight, others prioritize economic growth.
The UK and US face criticism for their stance, but both governments argue their approach ensures innovation while managing risks. The debate over AI governance is far from settled.
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