The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women has applauded Brazil’s efforts in combating gender-based violence through the landmark Maria da Penha Law. Introduced in 2006, the law has been hailed as one of the world’s most effective legal frameworks addressing domestic violence. However, the Committee expressed concern over persistent violence against women in the country, including alarming rates of rape and obstetric violence against indigenous women.
Brazil’s Minister of Women, Aparecida Gonçalves, led the country’s delegation in Geneva, emphasizing recent government strides under President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva to strengthen women’s rights. In her address, she reaffirmed Brazil’s commitment to protecting human rights defenders like Maria da Penha, who has faced threats due to her advocacy. A rapid response system for abuse complaints and a national policy for safeguarding women’s rights defenders are among the measures being implemented.
Addressing Widespread Violence and Maternal Health Inequities
Despite advancements, the Committee pointed out staggering statistics: in 2021 and 2022, a woman or girl in Brazil was raped every 10 minutes. The delegation shared that the government had resumed the “Women Living Without Violence” program in 2023, featuring initiatives like the dial 180 hotline and Brazilian Women’s Houses to offer comprehensive support to survivors. Additionally, a National Compact against Femicide with a budget of 2.5 billion reais aims to prevent gender-based killings.
Maternal mortality, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has disproportionately impacted Black and indigenous women in rural areas. The government has launched a Pact for the Reduction of Maternal and Neonatal Mortality, committing to build 60 maternity hospitals and 30 birthing centers. Reproductive health access is being expanded, and barriers to legal abortion are being dismantled.
Quilombola and Indigenous Women’s Land Rights in Focus
The Committee highlighted the plight of Quilombola and indigenous women facing barriers to land ownership and forced expulsions. Brazil’s delegation acknowledged these challenges and outlined efforts to involve these groups in territorial management and climate policies. Measures to ensure their participation in decision-making and address historical injustices are underway.
Promoting Economic Equality and Representation
The delegation also discussed initiatives aimed at empowering women economically and politically. Brazil’s equal remuneration law, introduced in 2023, mandates transparency in wages and fines for non-compliance. Additional policies include the “Minha Casa, Minha Vida” program, prioritizing housing for women-headed households, and support for Black women entrepreneurs.
Women’s representation in politics remains low despite a 30% mandatory quota. The government is promoting initiatives like the “Brazil Without Misogyny” campaign to combat gender stereotypes and violence against women in public life.
Looking Ahead: Brazil’s Commitment to Gender Equity
In her closing remarks, Minister Gonçalves pledged Brazil’s dedication to achieving a country free from femicide and gender-based hatred. Committee Chair Ana Peláez Narváez commended Brazil’s progress but emphasized the need for the government to address recommendations to ensure equality for all women and girls.
The Committee’s concluding observations on Brazil’s eighth and ninth periodic reports are expected by the end of its 89th session on May 31, providing a roadmap for Brazil to enhance its compliance with the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women.
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