India and France have signed a letter of intent to develop small modular nuclear reactors (SMRs). This agreement came after Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to France. Both nations aim to enhance energy security and move toward a low-carbon economy. India’s foreign ministry confirmed this collaboration, highlighting the shared goal of advancing nuclear technology.
Focus on Modular Reactors
The partnership will focus on developing small modular reactors and advanced modular reactors for civilian use. These reactors are compact and can be built in factories before being transported to installation sites. Unlike traditional nuclear reactors, they require less land and infrastructure. This makes them a flexible solution for energy generation in diverse locations.
India’s Shift in Nuclear Policy
India is making significant changes in its nuclear energy policies. The government is opening up the sector to international collaboration and private investments. Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman recently announced an ambitious target of generating 100GW of nuclear energy by 2047. The government has also committed over $2 billion for nuclear research and development. A major part of this funding will go toward developing five indigenous reactors by 2033.
Challenges with Previous Projects
India and France had previously planned to construct the world’s largest nuclear power plant in Maharashtra. However, this project has been delayed for over a decade. One major reason for the delay was India’s strict nuclear liability law. This law holds operators accountable for any nuclear accidents. Many foreign investors hesitated to participate due to these regulations.
Changes to Nuclear Liability Law
Recently, India announced plans to amend its nuclear liability law. The government believes these changes will facilitate smoother international cooperation. The decision follows long-standing concerns over nuclear safety and liability. The 1984 Bhopal gas disaster and the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster had previously influenced India’s cautious approach. By reforming its laws, India hopes to attract more foreign investment in nuclear projects.
Nuclear Talks with the US
Modi is currently visiting the United States to strengthen bilateral ties. He is expected to discuss nuclear energy cooperation with American firms. On Tuesday, US Vice President JD Vance met with Modi during the AI Summit in Paris. They discussed potential American investments in India’s nuclear sector. US officials emphasized their interest in helping India diversify its energy sources.
Strengthening Global Energy Ties
India’s nuclear energy expansion aligns with its broader goals of reducing carbon emissions and ensuring energy security. By partnering with France and potentially the US, India is positioning itself as a leader in the next phase of nuclear technology. This collaboration marks a significant step toward sustainable energy development. It also reflects India’s evolving approach to global energy partnerships.
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